Manufacturer, Services
Letta Interprizes
Claim Your Company
United States,Minnesota
Average Lead Time: 30 days
Annual Revenue: Above US$100 Million
Membership Year: 2011
Plant Area:
5,000-10,000 square meters
Accepted Payment Modes:
USD, JPY, CHF
Certification:
GMP, GMP
Main Products:
JWH_018
HistoryDr. John W. Huffman, an organic chemist at Clemson University, synthesizes analogues and metabolites of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the principal active component of marijuana. JWH-018 is one of these synthesized analogs, with research showing an affinity to the cannabinoid brain (CB1) receptor five times greater than that of THC. Cannabinoid receptors are found in mammalian brain and spleen tissue; however, the structural details of the active sites are currently unknown.[4][5]On December 15, 2008, it was reported by the German pharmaceutical company THC Pharm, that JWH-018 was found as one of the active components in at least three versions of the herbal blend Spice, which has been sold as an incense, in a number of countries around the world since 2002.[6][7][8][edit] Common DosageThe usual dosage for individual consumption (orally) varies greatly per individual but is typically between 3 and 20 milligrams. When smoked (as opposed to consumed orally) the amount needed may be lower, however the observed effects have a shorter duration.[edit] ToxicityAn anonymous and not scientifically published study has performed a cytotoxicity assay in human HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. It was found that JWH-018 showed little cytotoxicity with an IC50 250 ÎM. These results are consistent with the other cell based assays.[9]Substance CYPs hERG Cytotox Genotox Rat Repeat Tox Rat PKJWH-018 4/6 +ve [9] Negative [9] Negative [9] Lethargy, Catatonia, Tachyphylaxis, No Organ Pathology [9] Bi-phasic, Well Distributed [9] Denotes positive results and indicates further testing needed to define the issue.[edit] MetabolismMetabolism: For JWH-018, the indole-N-dealkyl metabolite could be detected as well as the hydroxylated metabolite. The highest signals could be observed for the hydroxylated N-desalkyl metabolites. Hydroxylation took place in the side chain and in both aromatic systems, the naphthalene and the indol part, which could be shown by mass shift of the corresponding fragments and by MS3 experiments.[10]
